A-A+
python3.7+ 处理xml 字符串 转 dict 字典格式
直接使用https://github.com/martinblech/xmltodict 这个库就可以了。
我自己还吭吃瘪肚的写呢。。。。MD太智障了。 人家早都写好了,顺手点个赞。!!!
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pragma no cover from cStringIO import StringIO except ImportError: # pragma no cover try: from StringIO import StringIO except ImportError: from io import StringIO from collections import OrderedDict try: # pragma no cover _basestring = basestring except NameError: # pragma no cover _basestring = str try: # pragma no cover _unicode = unicode except NameError: # pragma no cover _unicode = str __author__ = 'Martin Blech' __version__ = '0.12.0' __license__ = 'MIT' class ParsingInterrupted(Exception): pass class _DictSAXHandler(object): def __init__(self, item_depth=0, item_callback=lambda *args: True, xml_attribs=True, attr_prefix='@', cdata_key='#text', force_cdata=False, cdata_separator='', postprocessor=None, dict_constructor=OrderedDict, strip_whitespace=True, namespace_separator=':', namespaces=None, force_list=None): self.path = [] self.stack = [] self.data = [] self.item = None self.item_depth = item_depth self.xml_attribs = xml_attribs self.item_callback = item_callback self.attr_prefix = attr_prefix self.cdata_key = cdata_key self.force_cdata = force_cdata self.cdata_separator = cdata_separator self.postprocessor = postprocessor self.dict_constructor = dict_constructor self.strip_whitespace = strip_whitespace self.namespace_separator = namespace_separator self.namespaces = namespaces self.namespace_declarations = OrderedDict() self.force_list = force_list def _build_name(self, full_name): if not self.namespaces: return full_name i = full_name.rfind(self.namespace_separator) if i == -1: return full_name namespace, name = full_name[:i], full_name[i+1:] short_namespace = self.namespaces.get(namespace, namespace) if not short_namespace: return name else: return self.namespace_separator.join((short_namespace, name)) def _attrs_to_dict(self, attrs): if isinstance(attrs, dict): return attrs return self.dict_constructor(zip(attrs[0::2], attrs[1::2])) def startNamespaceDecl(self, prefix, uri): self.namespace_declarations[prefix or ''] = uri def startElement(self, full_name, attrs): name = self._build_name(full_name) attrs = self._attrs_to_dict(attrs) if attrs and self.namespace_declarations: attrs['xmlns'] = self.namespace_declarations self.namespace_declarations = OrderedDict() self.path.append((name, attrs or None)) if len(self.path) > self.item_depth: self.stack.append((self.item, self.data)) if self.xml_attribs: attr_entries = [] for key, value in attrs.items(): key = self.attr_prefix+self._build_name(key) if self.postprocessor: entry = self.postprocessor(self.path, key, value) else: entry = (key, value) if entry: attr_entries.append(entry) attrs = self.dict_constructor(attr_entries) else: attrs = None self.item = attrs or None self.data = [] def endElement(self, full_name): name = self._build_name(full_name) if len(self.path) == self.item_depth: item = self.item if item is None: item = (None if not self.data else self.cdata_separator.join(self.data)) should_continue = self.item_callback(self.path, item) if not should_continue: raise ParsingInterrupted() if len(self.stack): data = (None if not self.data else self.cdata_separator.join(self.data)) item = self.item self.item, self.data = self.stack.pop() if self.strip_whitespace and data: data = data.strip() or None if data and self.force_cdata and item is None: item = self.dict_constructor() if item is not None: if data: self.push_data(item, self.cdata_key, data) self.item = self.push_data(self.item, name, item) else: self.item = self.push_data(self.item, name, data) else: self.item = None self.data = [] self.path.pop() def characters(self, data): if not self.data: self.data = [data] else: self.data.append(data) def push_data(self, item, key, data): if self.postprocessor is not None: result = self.postprocessor(self.path, key, data) if result is None: return item key, data = result if item is None: item = self.dict_constructor() try: value = item[key] if isinstance(value, list): value.append(data) else: item[key] = [value, data] except KeyError: if self._should_force_list(key, data): item[key] = [data] else: item[key] = data return item def _should_force_list(self, key, value): if not self.force_list: return False if isinstance(self.force_list, bool): return self.force_list try: return key in self.force_list except TypeError: return self.force_list(self.path[:-1], key, value) def parse(xml_input, encoding=None, expat=expat, process_namespaces=False, namespace_separator=':', disable_entities=True, **kwargs): """Parse the given XML input and convert it into a dictionary. `xml_input` can either be a `string` or a file-like object. If `xml_attribs` is `True`, element attributes are put in the dictionary among regular child elements, using `@` as a prefix to avoid collisions. If set to `False`, they are just ignored. Simple example:: >>> import xmltodict >>> doc = xmltodict.parse(\"\"\" ... <a prop="x"> ... <b>1</b> ... <b>2</b> ... </a> ... \"\"\") >>> doc['a']['@prop'] u'x' >>> doc['a']['b'] [u'1', u'2'] If `item_depth` is `0`, the function returns a dictionary for the root element (default behavior). Otherwise, it calls `item_callback` every time an item at the specified depth is found and returns `None` in the end (streaming mode). The callback function receives two parameters: the `path` from the document root to the item (name-attribs pairs), and the `item` (dict). If the callback's return value is false-ish, parsing will be stopped with the :class:`ParsingInterrupted` exception. Streaming example:: >>> def handle(path, item): ... print('path:%s item:%s' % (path, item)) ... return True ... >>> xmltodict.parse(\"\"\" ... <a prop="x"> ... <b>1</b> ... <b>2</b> ... </a>\"\"\", item_depth=2, item_callback=handle) path:[(u'a', {u'prop': u'x'}), (u'b', None)] item:1 path:[(u'a', {u'prop': u'x'}), (u'b', None)] item:2 The optional argument `postprocessor` is a function that takes `path`, `key` and `value` as positional arguments and returns a new `(key, value)` pair where both `key` and `value` may have changed. Usage example:: >>> def postprocessor(path, key, value): ... try: ... return key + ':int', int(value) ... except (ValueError, TypeError): ... return key, value >>> xmltodict.parse('<a><b>1</b><b>2</b><b>x</b></a>', ... postprocessor=postprocessor) OrderedDict([(u'a', OrderedDict([(u'b:int', [1, 2]), (u'b', u'x')]))]) You can pass an alternate version of `expat` (such as `defusedexpat`) by using the `expat` parameter. E.g: >>> import defusedexpat >>> xmltodict.parse('<a>hello</a>', expat=defusedexpat.pyexpat) OrderedDict([(u'a', u'hello')]) You can use the force_list argument to force lists to be created even when there is only a single child of a given level of hierarchy. The force_list argument is a tuple of keys. If the key for a given level of hierarchy is in the force_list argument, that level of hierarchy will have a list as a child (even if there is only one sub-element). The index_keys operation takes precendence over this. This is applied after any user-supplied postprocessor has already run. For example, given this input: <servers> <server> <name>host1</name> <os>Linux</os> <interfaces> <interface> <name>em0</name> <ip_address>10.0.0.1</ip_address> </interface> </interfaces> </server> </servers> If called with force_list=('interface',), it will produce this dictionary: {'servers': {'server': {'name': 'host1', 'os': 'Linux'}, 'interfaces': {'interface': [ {'name': 'em0', 'ip_address': '10.0.0.1' } ] } } } `force_list` can also be a callable that receives `path`, `key` and `value`. This is helpful in cases where the logic that decides whether a list should be forced is more complex. """ handler = _DictSAXHandler(namespace_separator=namespace_separator, **kwargs) if isinstance(xml_input, _unicode): if not encoding: encoding = 'utf-8' xml_input = xml_input.encode(encoding) if not process_namespaces: namespace_separator = None parser = expat.ParserCreate( encoding, namespace_separator ) try: parser.ordered_attributes = True except AttributeError: # Jython's expat does not support ordered_attributes pass parser.StartNamespaceDeclHandler = handler.startNamespaceDecl parser.StartElementHandler = handler.startElement parser.EndElementHandler = handler.endElement parser.CharacterDataHandler = handler.characters parser.buffer_text = True if disable_entities: try: # Attempt to disable DTD in Jython's expat parser (Xerces-J). feature = "http://apache.org/xml/features/disallow-doctype-decl" parser._reader.setFeature(feature, True) except AttributeError: # For CPython / expat parser. # Anything not handled ends up here and entities aren't expanded. parser.DefaultHandler = lambda x: None # Expects an integer return; zero means failure -> expat.ExpatError. parser.ExternalEntityRefHandler = lambda *x: 1 if hasattr(xml_input, 'read'): parser.ParseFile(xml_input) else: parser.Parse(xml_input, True) return handler.item def _process_namespace(name, namespaces, ns_sep=':', attr_prefix='@'): if not namespaces: return name try: ns, name = name.rsplit(ns_sep, 1) except ValueError: pass else: ns_res = namespaces.get(ns.strip(attr_prefix)) name = '{}{}{}{}'.format( attr_prefix if ns.startswith(attr_prefix) else '', ns_res, ns_sep, name) if ns_res else name return name def _emit(key, value, content_handler, attr_prefix='@', cdata_key='#text', depth=0, preprocessor=None, pretty=False, newl='\n', indent='\t', namespace_separator=':', namespaces=None, full_document=True): key = _process_namespace(key, namespaces, namespace_separator, attr_prefix) if preprocessor is not None: result = preprocessor(key, value) if result is None: return key, value = result if (not hasattr(value, '__iter__') or isinstance(value, _basestring) or isinstance(value, dict)): value = [value] for index, v in enumerate(value): if full_document and depth == 0 and index > 0: raise ValueError('document with multiple roots') if v is None: v = OrderedDict() elif isinstance(v, bool): if v: v = _unicode('true') else: v = _unicode('false') elif not isinstance(v, dict): v = _unicode(v) if isinstance(v, _basestring): v = OrderedDict(((cdata_key, v),)) cdata = None attrs = OrderedDict() children = [] for ik, iv in v.items(): if ik == cdata_key: cdata = iv continue if ik.startswith(attr_prefix): ik = _process_namespace(ik, namespaces, namespace_separator, attr_prefix) if ik == '@xmlns' and isinstance(iv, dict): for k, v in iv.items(): attr = 'xmlns{}'.format(':{}'.format(k) if k else '') attrs[attr] = _unicode(v) continue if not isinstance(iv, _unicode): iv = _unicode(iv) attrs[ik[len(attr_prefix):]] = iv continue children.append((ik, iv)) if pretty: content_handler.ignorableWhitespace(depth * indent) content_handler.startElement(key, AttributesImpl(attrs)) if pretty and children: content_handler.ignorableWhitespace(newl) for child_key, child_value in children: _emit(child_key, child_value, content_handler, attr_prefix, cdata_key, depth+1, preprocessor, pretty, newl, indent, namespaces=namespaces, namespace_separator=namespace_separator) if cdata is not None: content_handler.characters(cdata) if pretty and children: content_handler.ignorableWhitespace(depth * indent) content_handler.endElement(key) if pretty and depth: content_handler.ignorableWhitespace(newl) def unparse(input_dict, output=None, encoding='utf-8', full_document=True, short_empty_elements=False, **kwargs): """Emit an XML document for the given `input_dict` (reverse of `parse`). The resulting XML document is returned as a string, but if `output` (a file-like object) is specified, it is written there instead. Dictionary keys prefixed with `attr_prefix` (default=`'@'`) are interpreted as XML node attributes, whereas keys equal to `cdata_key` (default=`'#text'`) are treated as character data. The `pretty` parameter (default=`False`) enables pretty-printing. In this mode, lines are terminated with `'\n'` and indented with `'\t'`, but this can be customized with the `newl` and `indent` parameters. """ if full_document and len(input_dict) != 1: raise ValueError('Document must have exactly one root.') must_return = False if output is None: output = StringIO() must_return = True if short_empty_elements: content_handler = XMLGenerator(output, encoding, True) else: content_handler = XMLGenerator(output, encoding) if full_document: content_handler.startDocument() for key, value in input_dict.items(): _emit(key, value, content_handler, full_document=full_document, **kwargs) if full_document: content_handler.endDocument() if must_return: value = output.getvalue() try: # pragma no cover value = value.decode(encoding) except AttributeError: # pragma no cover pass return value if __name__ == '__main__': # pragma: no cover import sys import marshal try: stdin = sys.stdin.buffer stdout = sys.stdout.buffer except AttributeError: stdin = sys.stdin stdout = sys.stdout (item_depth,) = sys.argv[1:] item_depth = int(item_depth) def handle_item(path, item): marshal.dump((path, item), stdout) return True try: root = parse(stdin, item_depth=item_depth, item_callback=handle_item, dict_constructor=dict) if item_depth == 0: handle_item([], root) except KeyboardInterrupt: pass |
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